ENGLISH LIT 344 / COMEDY & SATIRE


WHO'S FUNNY?
A Glossary of Comedians, Satirists, Humorists and the Like

The people here are split into eight groups, but many of these humorists, comedians, writers, and funny folk have done more than one kind of comedy. Woody Allen, for example, began as a writer for television in the 1950's, then went into stand-up comedy, and then (with only a couple exceptions) went into writing comedy films. so in some instances they appear in more than one list, while in other cases, they are listed in the genre for which they are best known. Also, there are instances that are not clear cut. Whoopie Goldberg's act consisted of doing monologues using various characters (e.g. a Valley Girl, a male crack addict, a crippled pan handler). She might be considered a stand-up since she did the act solo, but I've included her in sketch comics because the characters are performed within a context. She does not stand up and tell jokes per se.
      Most of the clips used here are from YouTube, where they are often dropped or removed due to copyright issues. If the clip doesn't display, go to you tube and look for the artist(s) by name. (Also, please let me know that it's not working so I can update it.) For more details on these people, check their lising in Wikipedia, but note--this is one of the rare times I can accept the use of Wikipedia as a source. I have found that most of the information there about these people is reliable.
      The ComediansUSA web site has a good listing of comedians in categories based on content rather than style (e.g. Construction Comedians, Culinary Comedians, Financial Comedians, etc.). You can use the Browse by pull-down menu at the top to select a name; that will bring up the list of categories on the left. There's also video of most of the people on the list, but the biographical information is not objective or historical, since it is a commercial site for people looking to book one of the acts. You'll find nothing but praise for any of the comics on the lists (e.g. "of comedy's hardest working comedians," "one of the most sought after entertainers in his field," "a regular headliner at comedy clubs and concert halls across the United States," and so forth.)[G.Wilkerson]

STAND-UP COMEDIANS (MEN) STAND-UP COMEDIANS (WOMEN)
COMEDY TEAMS SKETCH COMICS
COMEDY WRITERS SATIRISTS
IMPRESSIONISTS
COMICS OF THE SILENT FILM ERA
VENTRILOQUISTS


COMEDY TEAMS
Comedy teams usually come in pairs, though there are occasionally groups like the Marx Brothers and the Three Stooges. Sometimes a team will split and perform as singles. One of the few to succeed were Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis. As you might guess, writing as a team (or for a team) is a very different kind of comedy writing. The standard practice has been for one of the pair to be the "straight man" and the other to be the one who gets the laughs. Many of the folks on this list fit that description.

  • Abbott & Costello
  • Bob and Ray
  • Burns and Allen
  • Cheech and Chong
  • Laurel & Hardy
  • Marx Brothers
  • Martin and Lewis
  • Nichols and May
  • Schmenge Brothers
  • Smith and Dale
  • Smothers Brothers
  • Three Stooges
  • STAND-UP COMEDIANS (WOMEN)
    For a long time, women didn't have a place in stand-up comedy. To be accepted, a woman had to become a clown and sacrifice her femininity. For example, a great deal of Lucille Ball's work involved slapstick and Phyllis Diller had to wear outrageous outfits and mock her skills as a housewife. Eventually, comedians like Rita Rudner, Ellen Degeneres, Aisha Tyler, and Kathy Griffin put women on a par with men, able to use the same sources for their material and not have to denegrate themselves. [
    Click here to read a short article that includes a longer list of current female comics.] And check out Comedy Central's list of the Top 100 comedians of All Time to see if you agree with their choices. (You'll notice that there are only ten women on their list.)

  • Balan, Michelle
  • Barr, Roseanne
  • Sandra Bernhard
  • Boosler, Elayne
  • Brett Butler
  • Cho, Margaret
  • Ellen Degeneres
  • Diller, Phyllis
  • Fields, Totie
  • Janeane Garofalo
  • Whoopie Goldberg
  • Griffin, Kathy
  • Handler, Chelsea
  • Madigan, Kathleen
  • Mabley, Jackie "Moms"
  • O'Donnell, Rosie
  • Pearl, Minnie
  • Paula Poundstone
  • Rhea, Caroline
  • Rivers, Joan
  • Rudner, Rita
  • Silverman, Sarah
  • Smith, Margaret
  • Wanda Sykes
  • Tenuta, Judy
  • Tyler, Aisha
  • SATIRISTS
    Many comedians perform bits in their acts that are satirical, but they aren't considered satirists. The number of performers whose material fit this category are few. This may be because it requires a sharper eye for the foibles of political and social institutions or simply because it's not as popular with the general public. It requires a level of sophistication not usually found in most audiences. Parody is also a style that requires a higher level of sophistication.
          Parody, on overlapping category of satire and humor, makes fun of things by mocking them. The question to ask when determining whether something is satire or parody is whether or not it is meant to brng about some sort of change. If the answer is yes, it's satire. The Scary Movies movies are a current example of parody. There's clearly no intent to change things. Mel Brooks' Blazing Saddles is another example of a parody, but while it is essentially mocking the old B-Western films, it has moments where it takes jabs at issues like racism and anti-semiticsm. (
    Click here for a scene where Brooks pokes at the racism that must have existed in the old west. (Do you think the use of the 'N' word OK in this? Is he trying to produce social change or is he just poking fun?)

  • Bob and Ray
  • Burnett, Carole
  • Brooks, Mel
  • Caesar, Sid
  • Colbert, Steven
  • Cohen, Sacha Baron
  • Freberg, Stan
  • Kovacs, Ernie
  • Nichols and May
  • Sherman, Alan
  • Silverstein, Shel
  • Smothers Brothers
  • Stewart, Jon
  • Yankavic, Wierd Al
  • STAND-UP COMEDIANS (MEN)
    Stand-up has become a staple of American comedy. During the 1970's and 1980's comedy clubs sprang up across the country as aspiring young comedians took to the stage, The number of clubs has diminished since then, but the comedy 'circuit' where new comics develop their material still exists. The difficulty is that one can work as a stand-up, traveling around the country and delivering the same material to small crowds for years. But once a comic appears on television, he or she becomes "known" and the same material won't work. Steve Martin once explained it by saying that it took him ten years to develop two hours of good material, but once he was on TV, he only had ten week to come up with two more hours.

    We should also point out that many stand-up comics have gone into television to star in their own sit-coms in which they usually play the same character they developed on stage. This doesn't make them sketch comics, as they are still essentially performing the same kind of material; it's simply being done within the contect of a premise (Cosby the doctor, Tim 'The Tool Man' Allen, Newhart the psychologist (and then the owner of an Inn), Seinfeld the comedian (very little change there), and so on. And check out Comedy Central's list of the Top 100 comedians of All Time to see if you agree with their choices.

  • Allen, Steve
  • Allen, Tim
  • Arnold, Tom
  • Arquette, Cliff
  • Belzer, Richard
  • Benny, Jack
  • Berle, Milton
  • Berman, Shelley
  • Black, Lewis
  • Brooks, Foster
  • Burns, George
  • Brown, Joe E.
  • Bruce, Lenny
  • Cambridge, Godfrey
  • Carlin, George
  • Carey, Drew
  • Carrot Top (Scott Thompson)
  • Carson, Johnny
  • Chappelle, Dave
  • Cosby, Bill
  • Crosby, Norm
  • Engvall, Bill
  • Ferguson, Craig
  • Foxworthy, Jeff
  • Foxx, Redd
  • Gallagher
  • Gobel, George
  • Gottfried, Gilbert
  • Gregory, Dick
  • Hicks, Bill
  • Hope, Bob
  • Kaufman, Andy
  • Kinison, Sam
  • Letterman, Dave
  • Lewis, Richard
  • Maher, Bill
  • Marx, Groucho
  • Mason, Jackie
  • Martin, Steve
  • Mull, Martin
  • Newhart, Bob
  • O’Brian, Conan
  • Paar, Jack
  • Phillips, Emo
  • Prinze, Freddie
  • Rickles, Don
  • Rogers, Will
  • Pryor, Richard
  • Saget, Bob
  • Sahl, Mort
  • Sales, Soupy
  • Sandler, Adam
  • Seinfeld, Jerry
  • Steinberg, David
  • Taylor, Rip
  • Charlie Weaver
  • White, Ron
  • Whitney, Daniel Lawrence
        (Larry, the Cable Guy)
  • Williams, Robin
  • Wilson, Flip
  • Winters, Jonathan
  • Wright, Steven
  • Wynn, Ed
  • Youngman, Henny
        Take him...please.
  • SKETCH COMICS
    Sketch comics are those whose comedy is performed witin the context of a situation, i.e. a comedy sketch. Most of the comedy on Saturday Night Live or MAD TV is of this sort. Some sketch comics may have started as stand-ups, but then fall in with a group (like SNL) or become a character in a sit-com. Before TV, a lot of sketch comics got their start in vaudeville, performing sketches. The famous Who's On First routine is close to sketch comedy in that there's a "set up," a premise or context within which the routine is performed.

  • Allen, Fred
  • Belushi, John
  • Lucille Ball
  • Benny, Jack
  • Berle, Milton
  • Bob and Ray
  • Brice, Fanny
  • Burnett, Carole
  • Caesar, Sid
  • Candy, John
  • Carey, Jim
  • Coco, Imogene
  • Crystal, Billy
  • Conway, Tim
  • Dana, Bill
  • Durante, Jimmy
  • Farley, Chris
  • Gleason, Jackie
  • Goldberg, Whoopie
  • Herman, Pee Wee
  • Korman, Harvey
  • Kovacs, Ernie
  • Lahr, Bert
  • Levant, Oscar
  • Levi, Eugene
  • Marx Brothers
  • Radner, Gilda
  • Short, Martin
  • Skelton, Red
  • Thomas, Dave
  • Tomlin, Lily
  • Van Dyke, Dick
  • Wilder, Gene
  • COMEDY WRITERS
    Most stand-up comedians today write their own material, so we might consider them writers as well. But many comedians, before the 1960's did not write their own material. They bought jokes and, if successful enough, hired writers. The individuals listed here are writers in the broader sense. They have written for film, television, comedians, and the print media and while they also may be known for their more 'visible' work (e.g. Woody Allen also appears in his films), their primary reputation is as writers.

  • Allen, Woody
  • Borowitz, Andy
  • Brooks, Mel
  • Fey, Tina
  • Franken, Al
  • Gelbhart, Larry
  • Judge, Mike
  • May, Elaine
  • Martin, Steve
  • Mull, Martin
  • Reiner, Carl
  • Sandrich, Jay
  • Schiller, Tom
  • Sherman, Alan
  • Silverstein, Shel
  • Vilanch, Bruce
  • West, Mae
  • OTHERS
    Impressionists and ventriloquists have a unique type of comedy in that the work relies on something other than their performance or ability to 'be funny.' Impressionists mock popular figures, usually for comic effect. Ventriloquists use their 'dummies' to create a kinf of comedy team.

    Impressionists
  • Little, Rich
  • Gorshen, Frank
  •  

    Ventriloquists
  • Bergan, Edgar
  • Dunham, Jeff
  •  

    Silent Stars
  • Lloyd, Harold
  • Keaton, Buster
  • Chaplin, Charlie